Responsive Web design

I am a self taught designer and learning nowadays from IDF. I have a few doubts about responsive design.

  1. As a designer, while I am designing screens to give to to developers, for what sizes I should design screens? I am considering all devices and all possible resolutions...mobile, laptop (windows, mac), tablet etc.

  2. A good resource or link to understand using columns for creating screens.

  3. How to define fonts for different sizes? I am using Material Design guide for mobile screens, but how for web? For example, if I am using 16px for a paragraph in 1366*768 screen then how large should the font be for 1440, 1920, 3072 (MacBook Pro 16")? I am completely confused in telling font sizes to developers for various screen sizes.

Are there any other important things that can help me in understanding responsive design?

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