Forms: Creating one item before another

What would be the best UX for a situation where one set of records cannot exist without another.

Take a scenario in an application where a child can be connected to zero or more parents.

If a user of our application finds himself filling in a form to create a child but the parent for the child does not exist yet, what is the best approach to creating the parent and then attaching that parent to the child.

  1. Should the child be created without the parent, but updates can be done to add the parent to child (note that this also has its own issues as the page where the addition will occur might also need to create the parent).
  2. Have a link on the child page that says "create parent", and route the user back to the child page after creating the parent.
  3. Have a button bring up a modal that has the parent form and allow the user to create the parent before returning.

I don't like any one of these three options and I am hoping there are better approaches out there.

Sorry for any typos or ambiguity, in bit of a rush.